When dissolved sulfuric acid and nitric acid in the atmosphere fall on the earth’s surface through rain, it is called acid rain.
H2SO4 is formed from SO2 present in the atmosphere and HNO3 from NO2. SO2 and NO2 commonly enter the atmosphere from vehicle exhaust, thermal power plants, metal extraction, and oil refineries.
Harmful Effects of Acid Rain
It increases soil acidity and reduces fertility. As a result, the crop production rate decreases and sometimes many plants die. Many microbes and aquatic plants are destroyed as the acidity level of water increases. As a result, the balance of the ecosystem is disturbed. Besides, it damages houses and historical monuments.